What Is a Side Pull Bridle?

A side pull is a type of bridle used without a bit. Reins attach to rings on either side of the horse's muzzle. When both reins are pulled, pressure is applied to the horse's nose for a halt or turn. Pulling one rein cues the horse to turn its head in that direction left rein for left turn, right rein for right turn. The simplest side pulls resemble a halter. Many people have used a 'side pull' by attaching lead ropes to the noseband of a halter.

Side pulls are known by various names, including cavesson bridle, Indian hackamore, or Lindell. Many are named after their creators, such as the Dr. Cook bridle.

Side pull bridles have various designs. Some are entirely leather, while others use rope. The nose piece might be a stiff strap or several leather layers, sometimes including a synthetic or metal wire for stability. Some nose pieces are made from one or two lengths of stiff lariat rope. Knots on these add pressure when reins are pulled. Wider nose pieces soften the pressure, whereas thin ones increase severity. Both English and western-style side pulls are available.

How Does a Side Pull Work?

Steering predominantly uses direct reining, though neck reining is possible with a side pull. When reins are pulled back, pressure is applied to the horse's nose bridge. Pulling one rein directs the horse's nose/head in that direction. Depending on the design, some side pulls might place pressure over the poll or under the jaw. Typically, less contact is used compared to a bit.

Why Use a Side Pull?

Many trainers begin with a side pull for young horses. This approach lets horses learn directional cues without mouth pressure. Horses uncomfortable with a bit often respond well to a side pull. Additionally, those with dental issues, malformed jaws, or facial injuries may find a side pull more comfortable than a bit.

Horses previously ridden by heavy-handed riders, leading to mouth pain and numbness, may respond well to a side pull if the rider uses gentle hands. However, hauling on a horse's nose can cause insensitivity to a bitless bridle. A side pull can address behaviors like head tossing and shaking, balking, and rooting.

On the trail, a side pull allows the horse to snack and drink more easily. In winter, it avoids a frozen bit, preventing mouth discomfort. School horses, ridden by those with unsteady hands, may benefit from a side pull.

How Should a Side Pull Fit?

A side pull fits like a regular bridle. The browband should be wide enough that pulling the rein does not cause the cheek pieces of the bridle to touch the horse's opposite eye. The nosepiece should sit about four fingers above the horse's mouth, higher than the nose cartilage or bones. Placed higher, it has a milder effect. Adjust lower for more "whoa." The chin strap should be snug enough to allow mouth movement without dangling. Preferably use light leather reins. Specific side pulls, like the Dr. Cook or Diane Thompson, come with fitting instructions.

Other Types of Bitless Bridles

Other types of bitless bridles include hackamores and bosals.